Founded on June 3, 1770, Monterey (Spanish: Monterrey) was the capital of Alta California under both Spain and Mexico until 1850. Monterey hosted California’s first theater, public building, public library, publicly funded school, printing press, and newspaper. Monterey was the only port of entry for taxable goods in California. In 1846, the U.S. flag was raised over the Customs House, and California became part of the United States after the Mexican–American War. The city is located in Monterey County in the U.S. state of California, on the southern edge of Monterey Bay on California’s Central Coast. The city hall is at 26 feet (8 m) above sea level,[8] and the city occupies a land area of 8.466 sq mi (21.93 km2). The 2010 census recorded a population of 27,810. The city and surrounding area have attracted artists since the late 19th century and many celebrated painters and writers have lived there. Until the 1950s, there was an abundant fishery. Among Monterey’s notable present-day attractions are the Monterey Bay Aquarium, Cannery Row, Fisherman’s Wharf and the annual Monterey Jazz Festival.